With the rapid development of nanotherapy , people are increasingly concerned about the possibility of nanomaterial-mediated immune regulation. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the efficacy of new materials for potential nanotherapeutic applications. Here, we investigated the effects of TiO2nanorods (NRs) on immune function and their potential applications in immunotherapy. In the main immune cells, TiO2-NRs has a specific immunomodulatory effect on the main immune cells. Compared with other cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ), the expression of TNF-α, which plays a key role in anti-tumor process, was up-regulated more significantly. After 12h treatment with high concentration of TiO2-NRS(50 mg/L), the higher level of TNF-α was 530.4 pg/mL, which showed no significant difference compared with the normal saline control group (238.2 pg/mL) (P＞0.05).
Furthermore, we conclude that in BALB/c mice, exposure to TiO2-NRs may stimulate T cell proliferation and bias the Th1 immune response, and lead to persistent activation of lymphocytes associated with adaptive immunity, rather than innate immunity. In addition, we also explored the potential application of TiO2-NRs in immunotherapy. At 1 mg/kg dose, the inhibition rate of TiO2-NRs (26.7%) was significantly higher than that of DOX (13.3%).
https://chinesesites.library.ingentaconnect.com/content/asp/jbn/2017/00000013/00000004/art00002
